39 research outputs found

    Système de vidéosurveillance et de monitoring

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    Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

    Analyse de mouvements faciaux à partir d'images vidéo

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    Lors d'une intervention conversationnelle, le langage est supporté par une communication non-verbale qui joue un rôle central dans le comportement social humain en permettant de la rétroaction et en gérant la synchronisation, appuyant ainsi le contenu et la signification du discours. En effet, 55% du message est véhiculé par les expressions faciales, alors que seulement 7% est dû au message linguistique et 38% au paralangage. L'information concernant l'état émotionnel d'une personne est généralement inférée par les attributs faciaux. Cependant, on ne dispose pas vraiment d'instruments de mesure spécifiquement dédiés à ce type de comportements. En vision par ordinateur, on s'intéresse davantage au développement de systèmes d'analyse automatique des expressions faciales prototypiques pour les applications d'interaction homme-machine, d'analyse de vidéos de réunions, de sécurité, et même pour des applications cliniques. Dans la présente recherche, pour appréhender de tels indicateurs observables, nous essayons d'implanter un système capable de construire une source consistante et relativement exhaustive d'informations visuelles, lequel sera capable de distinguer sur un visage les traits et leurs déformations, permettant ainsi de reconnaître la présence ou absence d'une action faciale particulière. Une réflexion sur les techniques recensées nous a amené à explorer deux différentes approches. La première concerne l'aspect apparence dans lequel on se sert de l'orientation des gradients pour dégager une représentation dense des attributs faciaux. Hormis la représentation faciale, la principale difficulté d'un système, qui se veut être général, est la mise en œuvre d'un modèle générique indépendamment de l'identité de la personne, de la géométrie et de la taille des visages. La démarche qu'on propose repose sur l'élaboration d'un référentiel prototypique à partir d'un recalage par SIFT-flow dont on démontre, dans cette thèse, la supériorité par rapport à un alignement conventionnel utilisant la position des yeux. Dans une deuxième approche, on fait appel à un modèle géométrique à travers lequel les primitives faciales sont représentées par un filtrage de Gabor. Motivé par le fait que les expressions faciales sont non seulement ambigües et incohérentes d'une personne à une autre mais aussi dépendantes du contexte lui-même, à travers cette approche, on présente un système personnalisé de reconnaissance d'expressions faciales, dont la performance globale dépend directement de la performance du suivi d'un ensemble de points caractéristiques du visage. Ce suivi est effectué par une forme modifiée d'une technique d'estimation de disparité faisant intervenir la phase de Gabor. Dans cette thèse, on propose une redéfinition de la mesure de confiance et introduisons une procédure itérative et conditionnelle d'estimation du déplacement qui offrent un suivi plus robuste que les méthodes originales.In a face-to-face talk, language is supported by nonverbal communication, which plays a central role in human social behavior by adding cues to the meaning of speech, providing feedback, and managing synchronization. Information about the emotional state of a person is usually carried out by facial attributes. In fact, 55% of a message is communicated by facial expressions whereas only 7% is due to linguistic language and 38% to paralanguage. However, there are currently no established instruments to measure such behavior. The computer vision community is therefore interested in the development of automated techniques for prototypic facial expression analysis, for human computer interaction applications, meeting video analysis, security and clinical applications. For gathering observable cues, we try to design, in this research, a framework that can build a relatively comprehensive source of visual information, which will be able to distinguish the facial deformations, thus allowing to point out the presence or absence of a particular facial action. A detailed review of identified techniques led us to explore two different approaches. The first approach involves appearance modeling, in which we use the gradient orientations to generate a dense representation of facial attributes. Besides the facial representation problem, the main difficulty of a system, which is intended to be general, is the implementation of a generic model independent of individual identity, face geometry and size. We therefore introduce a concept of prototypic referential mapping through a SIFT-flow registration that demonstrates, in this thesis, its superiority to the conventional eyes-based alignment. In a second approach, we use a geometric model through which the facial primitives are represented by Gabor filtering. Motivated by the fact that facial expressions are not only ambiguous and inconsistent across human but also dependent on the behavioral context; in this approach, we present a personalized facial expression recognition system whose overall performance is directly related to the localization performance of a set of facial fiducial points. These points are tracked through a sequence of video frames by a modification of a fast Gabor phase-based disparity estimation technique. In this thesis, we revisit the confidence measure, and introduce an iterative conditional procedure for displacement estimation that improves the robustness of the original methods

    Hybrid MPPT Control: P&O and Neural Network for Wind Energy Conversion System

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    In the field of wind turbine performance optimization, many techniques are employed to track the maximum power point (MPPT), one of the most commonly used MPPT algorithms is the perturb and observe technique (PO) because of its ease of implementation. However, the main disadvantage of this method is the lack of accuracy due to fluctuations around the maximum power point. In contrast, MPPT control employing neural networks proved to be an effective solution, in terms of accuracy. The contribution of this work is to propose a hybrid maximum power point tracking control using two types of MPPT control: neural network control (NNC) and the perturbation and observe method (PO), thus the PO method can offer better performance. Furthermore, this study aims to provide a comparison of the hybrid method with each algorithm and NNC. At the resulting duty cycle of the 2 methods, we applied the combination operation. A DC-DC boost converter is subjected to the hybrid MPPT control.  This converter is part of a wind energy conversion system employing a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The chain is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink software. The effectiveness of the controller is tested at varying wind speeds. In terms of the Integral time absolute error (ITAE), using the PO technique, the ITAE is 9.72. But, if we apply the suggested technique, it is smaller at 4.55. The corresponding simulation results show that the proposed hybrid method performs best compared to the PO method. Simulation results ensure the performance of the proposed hybrid MPPT control.

    Isolated anti-Ro/SSA thrombocytopenia: a rare feature of neonatal lupus

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    We report a rare case of isolated thrombocytopenia related to anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. The mother was  followed for unlabeled familial thrombocytopenia. The mother had positive anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. She was asymptomatic without skin lesions or other criteria neither of systemic lupus erythematosus nor other  connective tissue disease. Pregnancy was uneventful. The postnatal examination was normal. On the first day of life, blood cells count showed thrombocytopenia at 40 x 109/L. Within the second day of life, platelet level  dropped to 20 x 109/L. The management of thrombocytopenia included platelet transfusion and human  immunoglobulin infusion. On the fifth day of life, there has been a drop in platelet count to 10 x 109/L requiring renewed platelet transfusion and human immunoglobulin infusion. On the 10th of life platelets rate was stable around 60 x 109/L. The infant had no evidence of cardiac, dermatologic or hepatobilary involvement initially or throughout follow up.Key words: Neonatal lupus erythematosus, thrombocytopenia, anti-Ro/SS

    Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

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    La mujer en la sociedad Nomada del Sur de Marruecos: enfoque etnográfico

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    Este artículo describe la posición social de la mujer en el Sahara como una sociedad nomada que conoce muchos cambios socio-económicos desde los años setenta del siglo pasado. Entonces hay influencias sobre la posición de la mujer y también sobre relaciones del "gender" en esta sociedad tradicional musulmana

    Local Phase-context for Face Recognition under Varying Conditions

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    AbstractIn this paper, we address the problem of face recognition of low-resolution images under varying light, illumination and blur using local texture based face representation. The main contribution is the texture representation using Phase-Context which is based on four-quadrant mask of the Fourier transform phase in local neighborhoods.The contextual phase generates a more discriminative code filtering responses, and a more effective feature set than the Local Phase Quantization (LPQ) descriptor which is suffering from the influence of the noisy filter responses, the order relation breakdown of the generated codes, and the discretization effect of the quantization.The experimental results on CMU-PIE, extended YALE-B and CAS-PEAL-R1 databases show that the Phase-Context methodology is more descriptive than LPQ, outperforming the widely used Local Binary Pattern (LBP), and Histogram of oriented Gradients (HOG)
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